Typhoid Vaccine for Kids

Typhoid is a major health concern in India, with children being more prone to it than adults. This contagious disease spreads through contaminated food and water and is caused by a bacteria known as salmonella typhi. It can impair physical and cognitive development in children. The best way to prevent typhoid is to immunise your baby against it at the right time.

Typhoid Vaccine – What Is It?

Typhoid vaccines help prevent typhoid. Vaccination against this disease is vital, otherwise, it can lead to serious complications. Typhoid is also known to adversely affect young children. There are different types of vaccines available that prevent typhoid – you must always consult your paediatrician to know which would suit your toddler.

Types of Typhoid Vaccinations

Typhoid is a serious problem and should not be taken lightly. There are two types of typhoid vaccinations:

• Typhoid Polysaccharide Vaccine
• Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine

Who Should Get Immunised Against Typhoid?

Generally, typhoid vaccination is recommended for:

• People travelling to and around typhoid-ridden countries like India
• People who are in close contact with an infected person
• People who work with salmonella typhi bacteria in India

In India, however, routine typhoid vaccination is advised as we are more prone to infections. Typhoid vaccine for babies can be given as early as the age of 9-12 months.

The Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine or TCV is administered when the baby is between 9 and 12 months old. As per IAP guidelines, there is no need to give a booster dose of TCV.

Typhoid Vaccine Cost in India

The cost of typhoid vaccine in India may vary depending on the type of vaccine (polysaccharide or conjugate), and the brand of vaccine used.

Typhoid Vaccine Schedule

The typhoid vaccine schedule in India is included in the list of mandatory vaccinations suggested by the paediatrician, right after the birth of a baby. But before giving it to a baby, remember these important things:

• Number of Doses
  Only a single dose of TCV in enough between 9 to 12 months of age.

• Recommended Ages
  Ideally, the typhoid shot is recommended for children older than 2 years of age. it has to be repeated every 3 years. Alternatively, TCV can be given at the age of 9-12 months.

 Things to Avoid Before or After Getting the Typhoid Vaccine

Before giving your child the typhoid vaccine, keep these things in mind:

• This vaccine cannot be given if your child is allergic to any component of the vaccine. The doctor must be made aware of allergies if any, much before the vaccination is given.
• Your child must not be even moderately ill at the time of getting the vaccination.
• Anyone who has had a severe reaction to the previous dose of the same vaccine should not be given another dose.

Although the typhoid vaccine is absolutely safe, your child may develop a fever for a day or two after the vaccine is taken. You need not panic. Visit the doctor immediately if the fever persists for too long.

What Happens If Your Child Misses the Dose

If you are worried that your toddler may have missed the vaccine at 9 months, don’t worry – you can still give it to her before she turns one. Moreover, TCV can be given to your child at any time.

Possible Risks and Side-Effects of the Vaccine

Typhoid vaccine side-effects are generally mild – they tend to go away in a few days. In rare cases, there may be an allergic reaction. The side-effects have been discussed below:

1. Serious Side-Effects

Generally, the typhoid vaccine does not have any serious side-effects. Contact your paediatrician in case of:

• Signs of a severe allergic reaction like dizziness, hives, and swelling of the face and throat
• Difficulty breathing
• Weakness
• Very high fever
• Changes in behaviour

Although rare, these may manifest within a few hours of taking the vaccination.

2. Less Serious Side-Effects

Some less severe side-effects of the typhoid shot are:

• Fever
• Headache
• Redness and swelling
• Itching and soreness at the place where the injection is given
• General discomfort

Typhoid is a serious disease that is best prevented in young children. If you are alert and careful, you can ensure a healthy childhood for your little one. Regular vaccinations and timely care will help you in doing just that.

Disclaimer: This information is for the purpose of reference alone. Please consult your paediatrician regarding the actual vaccination schedule.

Resources and References: Mayo Clinic